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目的了解川南小型民营煤矿企业矿工的健康现况,分析存在的主要健康问题,提出保护其健康的对策。方法采取整群抽样的方法,结合职业卫生现况调查,按照《职业健康监护技术规范》要求,对1314名煤矿工人进行职业性健康体检。结果此次体检人数中肺功能检查正常为75.2%,高仟伏胸片检查正常为79.8%,尘肺病诊断人数占体检人数的2.06%,尘肺病发病高峰在接触矽尘10~20年间。结论预防川南小型煤矿尘肺病发病的重点是控制粉尘浓度,只有降低粉尘浓度,才是降低川南小型煤矿尘肺病发病率唯一可行的方法。
Objective To understand the current status of miners in small private coal mines in southern Sichuan, analyze the main health problems and put forward some countermeasures to protect their health. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to investigate the occupational health status of 1314 coal mine workers in accordance with the requirements of Technical Specifications for Occupational Health Monitoring. Results The number of pulmonary function tests was 75.2%, the high kV chest X-ray examination was normal 79.8%, the number of pneumoconiosis diagnosis 2.06% of the number of physical examination, the peak incidence of pneumoconiosis exposure to silica dust 10 to 20 years. Conclusion The prevention of pneumoconiosis in small coal mines in southern Sichuan should focus on controlling the dust concentration. Only reducing the dust concentration is the only feasible way to reduce the incidence of pneumoconiosis in small coal mines in southern Sichuan.