亲属称谓是表示亲属关系的符号语言。本文试从语言和文化角度、结合语义成分分析方法对汉、俄、土库曼三种不同语言中的“亲属场”词汇进行对比、指出差异,进而分析蕴藏在差异之中的深层文化原因。 Kinship is a symbolic language of kinship. This article tries to compare the “kinship field” words in three different languages ​​of Han, Russian and Turkmenistan by means of semantic component analysis from the perspective of language and culture, pointing out the differences and then analyzing the underlying cultural reasons underlying the differences.