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基于陇东地区15个气象站点1961—2010年的逐日气象资料,采用气候倾向率、偏相关分析、线性回归分析等方法,结合GIS空间分析技术中的反距离权重法(IDW),对各站不同时间和空间尺度的参考作物蒸散量(ET0)进行定量化分析,并研究其时空变化特征及气候影响因子。结果表明:近50年陇东地区年均ET0呈微弱下降趋势;夏季ET0显著减少,是造成年均ET0下降的主因,春季ET0明显增加,秋、冬季变化趋势不明显;各站点月均ET0变化趋势呈一致的单峰型;本区北部和中部年均ET0较大,西部较小;春季大部分地区ET0呈增加趋势,夏季全区ET0呈减少趋势,秋、冬季各站变化趋势不明显;ET0的变化与相对湿度和降水量呈负相关,与温度、日照时数和风速呈显著正相关;日照时数、风速和相对湿度为影响本区ET0的主要气象因子。
Based on the daily meteorological data of 15 meteorological stations in eastern Gansu Province from 1961 to 2010, the methods of climatic tendency, partial correlation and linear regression were used to analyze the spatial distribution of each station The quantitative analysis of reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) at different time and space scales was carried out and the temporal and spatial variation characteristics and climate impact factors were studied. The results showed that in the recent 50 years, annual average ET0 showed a slight downward trend; the ET0 decreased significantly in summer, which was the main cause of the annual average ET0 decline. The ET0 increased obviously in spring and the autumn and winter changed little. ET0 changes The ET0 in the northern and middle part of this region is larger and the western part is smaller in the north and middle part of the region. ET0 in most parts of spring and spring tends to increase in summer and ET0 in summer and autumn respectively, but not in autumn and winter. The change of ET0 was negatively correlated with relative humidity and precipitation, and positively correlated with temperature, sunshine duration and wind speed. The sunshine duration, wind speed and relative humidity were the main meteorological factors affecting ET0 in this area.