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目的:了解儿保门诊3～7岁儿童气质特征,为不同气质特点儿童的因材施教提供科学依据。方法:采用3～7岁儿童气质问卷测查943例3～7岁儿童的气质特征。结果:儿童气质类型及构成比:中间偏易养型42.20%、易养型32.24%、难养型12.84%、中间偏难养型6.68%、启动缓慢型6.04%;男女儿童在气质类型分布上有显著性差异(P<0.05);不同年龄儿童在气质类型分布上无显著性差异(P>0.05);不同年龄儿童在节律性、趋避性、注意分散度上有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:幼儿园儿童易养型和中间偏易养型的气质类型比例较高;部分气质维度在不同性别和年龄上存在差异。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the temperament characteristics of children aged 3 ~ 7 years in child-care clinic and to provide scientific basis for students’ different aptitude according to their aptitude. Methods: The temperament characteristics of 943 children aged 3-7 years were surveyed using the 3-7-year-old children’s temperament questionnaire. Results: The temperament type and composition ratio of children: 42.20% of mid-easterly, 32.24% of euthanasia, 12.84% of mid-hard-shelled, 6.68% of mid-sectional hard-shelled and 6.04% of slow- There was significant difference (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the distribution of temperament between children of different ages (P> 0.05). There was significant difference in rhythmicity, avoidance and attentional dispersion among children of different ages ). Conclusion: There is a high proportion of temperament types in children of easy-to-nurture and middle-easterly type in kindergarten; some temperament dimensions have different gender and age.