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[目的]了解小儿维生素K缺乏致颅内出血的临床特点,探讨其诊治方法,提高临床治愈率。[方法]选择2007年1月～2010年12月收治的43例维生素K缺乏致颅内出血患儿的病案资料,对其临床表现、影像学特点、实验室检查、诊断方法、治疗方案进行回顾性分析总结,依据临床症状,采用手术治疗的患儿18例,采用药物保守治疗的患儿25例。[结果]不同治疗方案的患儿总体愈合情况,手术治疗组中,遗留后遗症或死亡1例(5.6%),好转11例(55.6%),痊愈7例(38.9%);保守治疗组中,死亡1例(8.0%),好转18例(68.0%),痊愈6例(24.0%)。幕上出血﹥15ml时不同治疗方案的患儿愈合情况,手术治疗组中,遗留后遗症或死亡1例(7.7%),好转7例(53.8%),痊愈7例(38.5%);保守治疗组中,死亡2例(28.6%),好转4例(57.1%),痊愈1例(14.3%)。[结论]小儿维生素K缺乏致颅内出血的患儿发病较急,临床应依据症状采取及时有效的抢救方案,减少后遗症的发生率。
[Objective] To understand the clinical features of children with intracranial hemorrhage caused by vitamin K deficiency, explore its diagnosis and treatment methods and improve the clinical cure rate. [Methods] Forty-three cases of children with intracranial hemorrhage due to vitamin K deficiency were selected from January 2007 to December 2010. The clinical manifestations, imaging features, laboratory tests, diagnostic methods and treatment were retrospectively reviewed Analysis, based on clinical symptoms, surgical treatment of children with 18 cases, the use of conservative treatment of children with 25 cases. [Results] The overall healing of children with different treatment regimens, 1 case (5.6%), 11 cases (55.6%) were improved and 7 cases (38.9%) were cured in the surgical treatment group. In the conservative treatment group, One died (8.0%), 18 cases improved (68.0%) and 6 cases recovered (24.0%). One case (7.7%), 7 cases (53.8%) were cured and 7 cases (38.5%) were cured in the surgical treatment group, while those in the conservative treatment group Among them, 2 died (28.6%), 4 improved (57.1%) and 1 recovered (14.3%). [Conclusion] Infants with intracranial hemorrhage due to vitamin K deficiency have a more acute onset. Clinic should take timely and effective salvage programs based on the symptoms to reduce the incidence of sequelae.