在晚清行将告罄的1902年,霍乱作为一个历史进程的指标,敏感地反映了开埠通商前后中国北方社会环境的剧烈变化:疫区的盈缩反映出区域商贸交往体系的成型及港口的兴衰;城乡传播模式的沿海环绕及内陆、沿海轻重疫区的清晰分层则暗示出其时区域人口交往密度的沿海大倾斜。而现代交通工具的介入,则从速度上悄然影响着霍乱的传播区域。 In 1902, when cholera was running out in the late Qing Dynasty, cholera, as an indicator of historical progress, sensitively reflected the dramatic changes in the social environment in northern China before and after the establishment of the port trade pattern. The surplus in the epidemic area reflected the formation of the regional business exchange system and the rise and fall of the port The coastal stratification of urban and rural modes of transmission and the clear stratification of epidemic areas in inland and coastal areas suggest a large coastal slant in the population density at the time. The involvement of modern transport, from the speed of quietly affect the spread of cholera region.