尿路结石有一定的区域性,广东为高发病区之一,目前上尿路的结石为多见,在诊治上尿路结石时需根据每一个患者的一般情况,临床病状以及在X线片上的结石的大小、多少、形状、位置、阴影致密度肾功能损害程度,结石发展可造成的危害等情况制定治疗措施,但在临床上往往由于对上尿路结石X线片所见的致密影,观察不细致,对拟定治疗方案估计不足,而致一些结石本来可以通过内科保守治疗达到治疗目的,而采用了手术治疗招致患者在经济上的损失、肉体上的痛苦,甚至在手术过程发生结石残留;手术过程发生困难和危险;术中、术后并发大出血(肾蒂血管或腔静脉撕裂);肾盏漏斗部、肾盂输尿管连接部断裂、尿漏、肾内、肾外感染等,更严重的对另一侧的肾功能估计欠缺(有萎缩、发育不良、缺如、肾功能低下),而严重损害术侧肾功能,甚至被切除, Urinary tract stones have a certain regional, Guangdong is one of the high incidence area, the upper urinary tract stones are more common in the diagnosis and treatment of upper urinary tract stones should be based on the general situation of each patient, clinical symptoms and in the X-ray film Of the stone size, size, shape, location, degree of density of renal damage density, the development of stones can cause harm and other circumstances to develop treatment measures, but often clinically due to the upper urinary tract calculi seen in compact X-ray film , The observation is not detailed, the proposed treatment program underestimated, and some of the stones can have been conservative treatment by internal medicine to achieve the purpose of treatment, and the use of surgical treatment of patients suffering from economic losses, physical pain, and even stones in the operation process Residual; surgery difficult and dangerous; intraoperative and postoperative complications of hemorrhage (renal pedicle vessels or vena cava tear); calyx funnel Department, ureteropelvic junction rupture, urinary leakage, renal, extrarenal infection, etc. Serious on the other side of the estimated lack of renal function (atrophy, hypoplastic, absent, renal dysfunction), and severe damage to the side of renal function, or even be removed,