一、出版事业作为文学场域的重要机构文学是社会的综合组成部分。如果以此作为文学研究的前提，那么文学作品的制作和文学作品的接受也可以被看成是社会形成过程的组成部分，因为作品本身总是跟社会现实有着密切联系的。文学社会学的早期研究，在1960年代深受法国的文学研究专家埃斯卡皮（Robert Escarpit）的影响，他分析了整个文学制作和分布的领域，率先依据图书的定量调查来揭示图书印刷新技术、文学物质性的表现（文学的字体、袖珍本等等）、出版体系或图书市场的功能对一个国家文学发展的影响等等①。 First, the publishing industry as an important body of literature The literature is an integral part of society. If this is the premise of literary studies, the production of literary works and the acceptance of literary works can also be seen as part of the process of social formation, because the works themselves are always closely linked with the social reality. An early study of sociology of literature, influenced by Robert Escarpit, a French literary research expert in the 1960s, analyzed the entire field of literary production and distribution and pioneered new book printing based on a quantitative survey of books Technical, literary materiality (literary fonts, pocketbooks, etc.), the influence of the function of the publishing system or book market on the development of a nation’s literature, etc.