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目的:通过超声造影技术评价不同时间点兔主动脉粥样硬化斑块内新生血管的变化,并进一步判断斑块稳定性。方法:60只纯种新西兰大白兔随机分为4组,每组15只。正常对照组、高脂饲养组、球囊损伤组、球囊损伤联合高脂饲养组。分别于第8、14、20周进行超声造影检查,比较斑块及斑块内新生血管形成率。20周后抽血测定血脂及炎性因子水平。处死动物,取腹主动脉,HE染色观察斑块形态及组成成分,并统计各组存活率。结果:高脂饲养组与高脂饲养联合球囊损伤组血脂无显著差异,但明显高于对照组(P<0.05);高脂饲养联合球囊损伤斑块内新生血管明显多于单纯高脂饲养以及球囊损伤组(P<0.05)。HE染色提示高脂饲养联合球囊损伤组不稳定斑块明显多于单纯高脂饲养以及球囊损伤组。结论:超声造影可以明确动脉粥样硬化斑块内新生血管,并进一步判断斑块稳定性。
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the changes of neovascularization in rabbit aortic atherosclerotic plaque at different time points by contrast-enhanced ultrasound and to further determine the plaque stability. Methods: Sixty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 15 each). The normal control group, high fat diet group, balloon injury group, balloon injury combined with high fat diet group. At the 8th, 14th and 20th weeks respectively, contrast-enhanced ultrasound was performed to compare the neovascularization rates in plaques and plaques. Twenty weeks later, the level of blood lipids and inflammatory factors were determined by blood sampling. The animals were sacrificed, the abdominal aorta was taken, and the morphology and composition of plaque were observed by HE staining. The survival rate of each group was calculated. Results: There was no significant difference between the high fat diet group and the high fat diet group in balloon injury group, but significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). In the high fat diet group, there were more new blood vessels in the balloon injury plaque group than those in the high fat group Feeding and balloon injury group (P <0.05). The results of HE staining showed that unstable plaque in high fat diet combined balloon injury group was more than that in high fat diet group and balloon injury group. Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can clarify neovascularization in atherosclerotic plaque and further determine plaque stability.