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陆地棉与海岛棉种间杂种一代生长优势,远在七十年前已有专文发表,此后不断有专文讨论,关于海陆杂种一代的生育特性及其在经济上利用价值,近年来我国有不少院校及科研单位进行了试验研究,证明杂种一代籽棉产量接近或稍超过陆地棉品种,比海岛棉增产50%,甚至一倍以上,纤维品质相当或超过海岛棉品种。对于杂种制种技术以及示范推广,亦在进行。中国农业科学院江苏分院从一九五九年开始进行这方面的研究,着手解决以下几个问题。 (一)研究不同地区最适合的海岛棉与陆地棉杂交亲本组合,获得早熟丰产,高品质的杂种一代。 (二)研究主要棉区,海陆杂种一代的栽培技术,以获得稳产丰收,保证生产最好的纤维品质。 (三)寻求简易有效的杂种制种技术,以便推广。 我们的工作与常熟、江浦、徐州以及慈谿、上海市的农业科学院、所、农场及上海市纺织部门取得充分的协作。兹将四年的成果,分述如下。
Gossypium hirsutum (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and Gossypium barbadense (Gossypium hirsutum L.) had the special advantage that the heterosis of Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense had been reported in the special field since 1970s. There have been many discussions about the fertility characteristics of Gossypium hirsutum L. and its economic utilization value in recent years Institutions and research institutes conducted a pilot study to prove that the generation of hybrid seed cotton yield close to or slightly more than the varieties of upland cotton island cotton yield 50%, or even more than doubled, the fiber quality is equivalent to or more than the island cotton varieties. Hybrid seed production technology and demonstration promotion, also carried out. Jiangsu Branch of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences started its research in this field from 1959 and started to solve the following problems. (A) to study the most suitable in different regions of cotton and Gossypium hirsutum hybrid parents to obtain early maturity, high-yielding hybrid generation. (B) to study the main cotton, sea and land hybrid generation of cultivation techniques, in order to obtain stable yield, to ensure the best fiber quality. (C) to seek simple and effective hybrid seed production techniques, in order to promote. Our work and Changshu, Jiangpu, Xuzhou and Cixi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the farm and the textile sector in Shanghai to obtain full cooperation. The four years of achievements are as follows.