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为研究不同施肥配比对切花菊‘优香’营养吸收和品质的影响,筛选出其品质达到最优的施肥配比,以切花菊‘优香’为试材,设置了5种有机-无机施肥配比,分别为农户常规、企业常规、企业常规减量、氨基酸施肥1和氨基酸施肥2,测定比较植株营养和品质相关指标。结果表明:施用氨基酸肥料能够促进切花菊营养吸收及品质优化,其中氨基酸处理1效果显著。在营养吸收方面,促进采前植株干物质积累,达15.1g/株,前期促进植株对氮的吸收,后期促进对磷和钾的吸收,氮、磷和钾含量在采前达258.9、27.0和473.3mg/株;在品质方面,能提使花芽分化完成时间提早2~5d;提高采收时花枝株高、茎粗和花序直径,分别达到127.4cm、6.3 mm和22.6 mm,增加70cm长的切花鲜重至56.7g,达到优级出口标准;延长采后瓶插寿命2~5d,达17d,减缓花朵前期开放速度和叶片衰老程度。因此建议在适量施入基肥与追施无机复合肥的基础上,增施氨基酸肥料。
In order to study the effects of different fertilizers on the nutrient absorption and quality of cutourant ’Youxiangxiang’, the optimum fertilizing ratio was screened out. The cuttlethorn ’Youxiang’ was used as experimental material to set up five kinds of organic-inorganic Fertilizer ratio, respectively, for farmers routine, business practices, corporate conventional reduction, amino acid fertilization 1 and amino acid fertilization 2, determination of plant nutrition and quality-related indicators. The results showed that the application of amino acid fertilizers could promote the nutrient absorption and quality optimization of cut chrysanthemum, of which amino acid treatment 1 was effective. In terms of nutrient absorption, dry matter accumulation of pre-harvest plants was promoted to 15.1 g per plant, which promoted the uptake of nitrogen by plants and promoted the absorption of phosphorus and potassium at the early stage. The contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium reached 258.9 and 27.0 473.3mg / strain. In terms of quality, the completion time of flower bud differentiation could be increased by 2 ~ 5d. The height, stem diameter and inflorescence diameter of flowering branches were increased to 127.4cm, 6.3mm and 22.6mm, respectively, Cut fresh weight to 56.7g, to achieve excellent export standards; extend post-harvest vase life 2 ~ 5d, up to 17d, slow flower pre-opening speed and leaf senescence. Therefore, it is suggested to apply amino acid fertilizers on the basis of proper application of basal fertilizer and topdressing inorganic compound fertilizer.