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红枣黑斑病是枣果成熟期的主要病害,为了调查该病害在新疆阿拉尔垦区的发病规律,以骏枣和灰枣为试材,应用孢子捕捉技术和多元逐步回归法分析阿拉尔垦区红枣黑斑病的初侵染源、病菌孢子扩散与田间病情的关系以及影响病害流行的主要因素。结果表明:上一年的枣树病残体是红枣黑斑病初侵染源。分生孢子在5月中下旬开始出现,7月中旬至8月中旬为高峰期,随后进入消退期。分生孢子通常在枣树冠层附近分布较多,全天24h内都可捕到分生孢子,但一般12:00左右捕捉量最多。分生孢子的扩散与温度、降雨量和累积降雨量呈正相关,而且与病害的发生关系较为密切。骏枣抗病性较弱,采用漫灌方式的枣园黑斑病发生较重;9月降雨是影响黑斑病流行程度的重要因子。因此,菌量、品种、灌水、温度和降雨等因素共同影响黑斑病的发生与流行。
Jujube black spot disease is the main disease of jujube mature period. In order to investigate the disease incidence in Alar reclamation area in Xinjiang jujube and jujube for the test material, using spore catching technology and multiple stepwise regression analysis of Alar irrigated red dates The primary source of black spot disease, the relationship between the spread of pathogen spores and the disease in the field and the main factors affecting the epidemic. The results showed that the jujube tree remains of the previous year were the primary source of black spot disease. Conidia began to appear in late May, from mid-July to mid-August as the peak, and then into the regression. Conidia are usually distributed more around the canopy of the jujube, and conidia can be caught within 24 hours of the day, but the amount of capture is generally around 12:00. Conidial spread was positively correlated with temperature, rainfall and accumulated rainfall, but also with the occurrence of the disease. Jun jujube disease resistance is weak, juvenile black spot disease by flood irrigation heavier; September rainfall is an important factor affecting the prevalence of melasma. Therefore, the amount of bacteria, variety, irrigation, temperature and rainfall and other factors affect the occurrence and prevalence of black spot disease.