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低氧诱导因子家族（HIFs）是机体应对低氧环境时的主要调节因子，它们与低氧引起的肺组织细胞损伤以及异常增殖有关，其中又以低氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）和低氧诱导因子-2α（HIF-2α）的作用最为明显。该文主要对 HIF-1α、HIF-2α在结构功能上的异同和在低氧性肺动脉高压中作用的研究现状作一综述。“,”Hypoxia-induced factors(HIFs)are the main regula-tors for the response of hypoxic environment.They are involved in hypoxia-related lung tissue cell damage and abnormal cell pro-liferation,among which,HIF-1αand HIF-2αplay the most im-prominant roles.This paper reviews the current researches ofHIF-1αand HIF-2α,focusing on their structural and functional similarities and diversities,as well as their roles in the patho-genesis of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.