一、引言金属材料由于受到介质的作用而发生状态的变化转变成新相，从而遭受破坏，称为金属腐蚀或简称腐蚀。由于换热器接触的介质种类繁多，操作条件范围广泛，因此由于腐蚀而引起换热器失效是很常见的。在管壳式换热器各部件当中，换热管的腐蚀最为严重，就目前波纹管换... I. Introduction Metal materials due to the role of the media and the changes in the state into a new phase, which suffered damage, known as metal corrosion or corrosion. Because of the wide variety of media in contact with the heat exchanger and the wide range of operating conditions, it is not uncommon for heat exchanger failures due to corrosion. In the shell and tube heat exchanger among the various components, the most serious corrosion of heat exchange tubes, the current bellows change ...