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目的分析居民的死亡特点,为制定疾病预防措施与对策提供科学依据。方法采用上海市CDC编制的《Deathreg2002死亡医学登记系统》,对天津市东丽区2012年居民病伤死亡原因年报进行分析。结果 2012年居民死亡率为6.34‰,男性为7.12‰,女性为5.53‰;前五位死因依次为心脏病、恶性肿瘤、脑血管病、呼吸系统病、损伤和中毒,五位死因之和占全部死因的92.05%;居民期望寿命为82.76岁。结论慢性非传染性疾病(慢性病)已经成为导致居民死亡的主要原因,随着社会经济的发展,物质生活水平的不断提高,慢性非传染性疾病已经成为越来越重要的社会公共卫生问题,给社会和家庭带来沉重的经济负担。加强慢性非传染性疾病的防治,不仅可以保障人民群众健康,也可以作为15~65岁劳动人口伤残和死亡的预防,减少劳动力的损失,从而保证经济的发展[1]。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of residents’ death and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of disease prevention measures and countermeasures. Methods The “Deathreg 2002 Death Medical Registration System” prepared by CDC in Shanghai was used to analyze the annual report of the cause of death caused by the illness of residents in Dongli District in Tianjin in 2012. Results The mortality rate in 2012 was 6.34 ‰, with 7.12 ‰ for males and 5.53 ‰ for females. The top five causes of death were heart disease, malignant tumor, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory system disease, injury and poisoning. The sum of the five causes of death 92.05% of all causes of death; residents expect life expectancy of 82.76 years. Conclusion Chronic non-communicable diseases (chronic diseases) have become the leading cause of death among residents. With the development of society and economy and the continuous improvement of material living standards, chronic non-communicable diseases have become an increasingly important social and public health problem. Social and family have a heavy financial burden. Strengthening the prevention and treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases can not only protect the health of the people, but also prevent the disabled and death of the working population aged 15-65, reduce the loss of labor force and ensure the economic development [1].