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(六) 实验与观察实验和观察是应用科学的方法,搜集感性材料的科学实践,是科研过程中一个关键性步骤。一般分为预备和正式两个实验阶段。前一阶段虽然属于准备性质,但很重要。只有这一阶段做好了,才能保证后一阶段顺利进行和取得的结果正确可靠。按照实验设计的要求,把正式实验过程中所涉及到的一切工作,都要准备好落实好。例如,实验对象的准备、实验模型和指标的建立、处理方法的拟定、条件的控制、仪器用具的检定、人员的分工以及记录表格的设计与填写方法等等。
(Vi) experiment and observation Experiment and observation is the application of scientific methods to collect the scientific practice of the sensory material is a key step in the scientific research process. Generally divided into preparatory and formal two experimental stages. Although the previous stage was of a preparatory nature, it is very important. Only when this stage is done can we ensure that the latter stage is carried out smoothly and the results obtained are correct and reliable. According to the requirements of the experimental design, all the work involved in the formal experiment should be well prepared. For example, the preparation of experimental subjects, the establishment of experimental models and indicators, the formulation of methods of treatment, the control of conditions, the verification of instrumentation, the division of labor and the design and filling of record forms, and so on.