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通过多年多点试验对江苏省粳稻生产中新出现的稻穗生长不良的小粒穗现象发生原因进行了研究。结果表明:小粒穗的发生与种源密切相关,病种种源小粒穗的发生概率和发生程度显著增加;病种是否发生小粒穗及其发生程度还受到环境条件的制约;小粒穗的发生与水稻大田常用的农药、除草剂及一般肥水管理措施均无关联,杀菌杀线(虫)剂浸种对小粒穗的发生有防效。对小粒穗的可能病原物的分离和鉴定试验表明:细菌和真菌不是小粒穗形成的病原物,线虫与小粒穗发生有一定的关联。根据试验结果提出杜绝小粒穗田种源(病种)是防止小粒穗的基本措施,杀线(虫)杀菌剂浸种对小粒穗发生有防效。
The multi-year and multi-point experiment was carried out to study the causes of the spikelet growth of poorly-developed panicle in japonica rice production in Jiangsu Province. The results showed that the occurrence of small grains was closely related to provenances, and the occurrence probability and occurrence of small grains were significantly increased. The occurrence of small grains and their occurrence were restricted by environmental conditions. The occurrence of small grains was associated with rice Field commonly used pesticides, herbicides and general fertilizer and water management measures are not related to sterilization kill line (insects) agent seed soils on the prevention of the occurrence of small grains. Isolation and identification of possible pathogens in small ear showed that bacteria and fungi were not the pathogen of small ear formation, and nematodes and small ear were related to each other. According to the results of the experiment, it is proposed that the prevention of small grain spike seed germplasm (disease) is the basic measure to prevent small grain spike. Soaking line with fungicide (insecticide) fungicide can prevent the occurrence of small grain spike.