陶铸同志的《太阳的光辉》一文,高屋建瓴,力矫时弊,针对当时党内有的人怕谈缺点,听不得批评的错误倾向,提出了批评,主张要“认真地对待工作中的缺点和错误,认真地在党内开展批评和自我批评”。这就是这篇文章的中心论题。作者对这一中心论点只在开头部分,从辩证唯物主义的基本观点和党的性质这两方面作了极简单的论述,在文章的主体部分,则是有针对性地列举了三种怕谈缺点、错误的论点,采用类比的方法进行逐点论证。而这个被用来进行类比的事物就是“太阳”。有的人怕谈缺点和错误的一个原因,是 Comrade Tao Zhu’s “The Glory of the Sun” article, which was erected at high altitudes, countered the shortcomings of the time. In response to the fact that some people in the Party were afraid to talk about shortcomings and couldn’t listen to criticisms, they raised criticisms and argued that they must “conscientiously deal with shortcomings and mistakes at work. Seriously carry out criticism and self-criticism within the party.“ This is the central theme of this article. The author has made a very simple exposition of this central argument at the beginning, from the basic perspectives of dialectical materialism and the nature of the party. In the main part of the article, it has pointed out three kinds of targeted statements. The shortcomings and erroneous arguments are based on point-to-point arguments using an analogy method. And this thing that is used for analogy is the ”sun." Some people are afraid of talking about shortcomings and one of the reasons why they are wrong.