论文部分内容阅读
天然气水合物是一种战略性替代能源。同时,开发天然气水合物将是全球气候环境问题和地质灾害的诱发因素之一。含天然气水合物沉积物(简称HBS)的相平衡问题对天然气水合物资源勘探、评估与开发利用以及环境影响均具有重要的基础作用。自然界中赋存于沉积物之中的天然气水合物的生成与分解与纯水体系中水合物的生成与分解具有很大区别。通过总结国内外研究资料,以天然气水合物开发利用中的岩土工程问题研究需要为出发点,详细介绍了HBS的沉积物物性、孔隙水盐度和气体组分对沉积物中水合物相平衡关系影响以及HBS相平衡研究中有关制样方法技术、各组分含量测试以及相平衡关系理论模型研究方面的国内外研究现状。研究成果表明,HBS的沉积物物性、孔隙水盐度和气体组分均对天然气水合物相平衡关系具有显著影响,试验研究中应用了很多先进方法技术,但仍然存在定量精度较低或实施成本较高等问题;基于微观尺度建立的有关HBS的相平衡宏观模型能较好地模拟与预测HBS的相平衡关系,但其表达式复杂、参数较多和不易获得制约了其在天然气水合物开采中的有关岩土力学与工程理论研究和工程实践中应用。
Gas hydrate is a strategic alternative energy source. At the same time, the development of gas hydrates will be one of the triggers for global climate and environmental problems and geological disasters. The phase equilibrium problem with gas hydrate deposits (HBS) plays an important fundamental role in the exploration, assessment and development and utilization of natural gas hydrate resources as well as the environmental impact. The formation and decomposition of natural gas hydrate in sediments in nature is quite different from the formation and decomposition of hydrates in pure water system. By summarizing the research data at home and abroad, the geophysical properties of HBS, the pore water salinity and the gas composition phase equilibrium of hydrate in sediment are introduced in detail from the research needs of geotechnical problems in the development and utilization of natural gas hydrate. Influence and HBS phase equilibrium studies on the sample preparation method and technology, the content of each component test and phase equilibrium relationship theoretical model of research at home and abroad. The results show that sediment physical properties, pore water salinity and gas composition of HBS have a significant impact on the phase equilibrium of natural gas hydrate. Many advanced methods and techniques are applied in the experimental study, but there are still some problems such as low quantitative precision or implementation cost The macro balance model of HBS based on the microscopic scale can simulate and predict the phase equilibrium of HBS well, but its expression is complex, the parameters are more difficult to be obtained and it is not easy to get its balance in the exploitation of natural gas hydrate The application of rock mechanics and engineering theory research and engineering practice.