本文是巴什基尔——苏联的一个老采油区地质勘探工作经验、特点和成果的综述。这个油区位于俄罗斯地台东部与乌拉尔褶皱的接合带上,地质结构的类型各种各样,十分复杂。巴什基尔地区包括南鞑靼隆起的东南部、勃拉戈维辛坳陷、比尔鞍部、上卡马坳陷东南部、巴什基尔隆起大部、萨尔梅什坳陷的大部、贝姆斯克-孔古尔盆地南缘以及乌拉尔山前坳陷的尤柳赞-瑟尔文、别尔斯克和姆拉柯夫等凹 This article is a review of the experience, characteristics and achievements of geological exploration in Bashkir - Soviet Union. This oil zone is located on the joint belt of the eastern part of Russia with the Ural fold. The types of geological structures are various and complicated. The Bashkir area includes the southeastern part of the southern Tartar uplift, the Bragogizin depression, the Beier saddle, the southeast of the Upper Kama depression, most of the Bashkir uplift, most of the Salmash Depression , The southern margin of the Beumsik-Koghul basin, the Ulyssesan-Severn, Bielsk and Mrakov et al