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鸦片战争后,随着中国国内外矛盾的不断激化,在内有农民起义此起彼伏,外有西方列强动辄发动战争,迫使清政府割地赔款的双重危机之下,清政
After the Opium War, with the intensification of the contradictions both at home and abroad, peasant uprisings came one after another, with the frequent intervention of wars by the Western powers and forced the Qing government to cut its land for compensation. The Qing government