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目的对云南省社区组织(CBO)开展艾滋病病毒(HIV)快检工作的现状进行调查分析,为艾滋病防治工作提供参考。方法对全省范围内的CBO进行问卷调查,与部分CBO负责人进行个别深入访谈。结果调查了86家CBO,深入访谈CBO负责人28人。其中30.2%(26家)已注册,成员收入普遍偏低,经费来源渠道单一。68.6%(59家)直接开展HIV快检,开展快检的最早时间是2007年。开展快检的59家CBO中,96.6%(57家)接受过快检技术培训,88.1%(52家)快检发现阳性后,陪同转介服务对象到疾病预防控制(简称疾控)中心或抗病毒治疗机构。84.7%(50家)将检测垃圾用医疗垃圾袋收集交疾控中心或医院统一处理。快检试剂主要由疾控中心提供。CBO成员一致认为CBO在HIV危险人员的检测中,比政府机构具有优势,对目标人群有亲合力,可缩短检测时间,可覆盖更多人群。结论条件成熟的CBO经培训、考核后,有能力开展HIV快检,但必须加强质量控制。
Objective To investigate and analyze the present situation of carrying out the rapid HIV test in community organizations (CBOs) in Yunnan Province, and provide references for the prevention and control of AIDS. Methods A questionnaire survey was carried out among CBO within the province and some in-depth interviews with some CBO leaders. Results A total of 86 CBOs were investigated, and 28 heads of CBOs were interviewed in depth. Among them, 30.2% (26) were registered, their members’ income was generally low, and their sources of funding were single. 68.6% (59) conducted a direct HIV test, the earliest time to carry out the inspection in 2007. Of the 59 CBOs who carried out the fast test, 96.6% (57) were trained in the technique of rapid test, and 88.1% (52) were positive after the fast test. They accompanied the referral clients to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Antiviral treatment institutions. 84.7% (50) will collect and test the rubbish with medical waste bags and hand them to CDC or hospitals for unified treatment. Rapid detection reagents mainly provided by the CDC. The CBO members agreed that the CBO has the advantage over government agencies in detecting HIV-positive individuals and has affinity for the target population, reducing testing time and reaching more people. Conclusion The CBO with mature conditions is capable of carrying out rapid HIV test after training and examination, but quality control must be strengthened.