论文部分内容阅读
根据测量学原理和误差传播定律,分析了全站仪自由设站对边量测(RDM)法和三维坐标(3D)量测法,建立了2种量测法的隧道变形精度分析模型,利用中误差评价隧道变形量测精度,推导了2种方法量测隧道变形的中误差计算公式,并以某三车道公路隧道为例,对2种方法的量测精度进行了对比和验证;RDM法通过三角高程测量原理和三角余弦定理得出任意点之间的水平距离、高差和斜距,根据任意测点之间的三角几何关系得到隧道变形;3D量测法从任意观测点观测若干已知点的方向和距离,通过坐标变换计算各测点坐标,根据各测点坐标得到隧道变形。分析结果表明:采用RDM法和3D量测法量测隧道拱顶下沉的精度评价公式相同,而量测隧道水平收敛的精度评价公式不同,RDM法的精度优于3D量测法,且随着全站仪到量测断面距离的增加,差值逐渐增大,当距离为100 m时,两者精度差值已增大至0.43 mm;在三车道公路隧道中,当距离为40~60m时,2种方法量测隧道水平收敛的精度均为最高,RDM法可达0.61~0.68mm,3D量测法可达0.78~0.84mm;RDM法和3D量测法量测的隧道拱顶下沉曲线平滑、圆顺,拟合度都大于0.95,而在量测隧道净空收敛方面,RDM法的曲线拟合度大于0.9,3D量测法的曲线拟合度小于0.9,因此,RDM法量测精度优于3D量测法。
According to the principle of measurement and the law of error propagation, this paper analyzes the RDM method and three-dimensional coordinate (3D) measurement method of free standing station of total station, establishes two kinds of tunnel deformation accuracy analysis models of measurement method, The error of the tunnel deformation measurement was evaluated by two methods. The calculation error of the tunnel deformation was deduced by two methods. Taking a three-lane tunnel as an example, the accuracy of the two methods was compared and verified. The RDM method Through the triangular elevation measurement principle and the triangular cosine theorem, the horizontal distance, the height difference and the slant distance between arbitrary points are obtained, and the tunnel deformation is obtained according to the triangular geometric relationship between the arbitrary measurement points. The 3D measurement method observes some Knowing the direction and distance of the point, calculate the coordinates of each measuring point through the coordinate transformation, and obtain the tunnel deformation according to the coordinates of each measuring point. The analysis results show that the accuracy of tunnel domed tunnels is the same with RDM method and 3D method, while the precision of tunnel tunnels is different. The precision of RDM method is better than that of 3D method. With the increase of the distance from the total station to the measured section, the difference gradually increases. When the distance is 100 m, the precision difference between the two has increased to 0.43 mm. In the three-lane highway tunnel, when the distance is 40-60 m , The accuracy of the two methods in measuring the horizontal convergence of the tunnel is the highest, the RDM method can reach 0.61 ~ 0.68mm, the 3D measurement method can reach 0.78 ~ 0.84mm; the RDM method and the 3D measurement method under the tunnel dome The curve of smoothness, smoothness and fitting degree are all greater than 0.95, while the curve fitting degree of RDM method is greater than 0.9 in the measurement of headroom convergence of tunnel, the curve fitting degree of 3D measurement method is less than 0.9, so RDM method Measurement accuracy is better than 3D measurement.