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目的:了解江门市新会区乳母成熟乳主要营养成分的含量与不同年龄、产次、分娩方式的差异。方法:收集江门市新会区1 250例孕足月产后42天乳母的乳汁20 ml,检测标本中的主要营养成分蛋白质、脂肪、乳糖的含量、并与参考值标准进行比较,统计其达到参考值的百分比;统计分析不同年龄段、分娩方式、产次乳母的成熟乳主要营养成分的差异。结果:新会区乳母成熟乳中乳糖、蛋白质含量稳定,均达到或高于参考值;脂肪含量不稳定,34.7%达参考值,3.6%高于参考值,61.8%低于参考值;20～29、30～34及≥35岁3个年龄段和初产妇与经产妇、顺产及剖宫产乳母乳汁主要营养成分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:新会区乳母营养状况总体良好,但乳汁中脂肪的含量不稳定,低于参考值的比例较大,应广泛开展针对乳母的膳食营养指导,进一步改善乳母乳汁质量;新会区产妇成熟乳主要营养成分不受乳母年龄、产次、分娩方式的影响,提倡所有健康产妇产后坚持哺乳4～6个月以上。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the content of main nutritional components of mature milk in Xinhui District of Jiangmen City and the differences of different age, delivery times and modes of delivery. Methods: A total of 1 250 pregnant women in Xinhui District, Jiangmen City, were enrolled in this study. Twenty-four days after birth, 20 ml of lactating milk were collected. The contents of major nutrients, lipids and lactose were measured and compared with reference standards. Value of the percentage; statistical analysis of different age groups, mode of delivery, the production of lactating mature milk the main nutritional differences. Results: The content of lactose and protein in the mature milk of Xinhui district was stable, all of which reached or exceeded the reference value; the content of fat was unstable, 34.7% reached the reference value, 3.6% higher than the reference value and 61.8% lower than the reference value; There was no significant difference in the main nutritional components of 29, 30 ~ 34 and ≥35 years old age groups, and between the first and the third trimester lactation milk. Conclusion: The nutritional status of nurse in Xinhui district is generally good, but the content of fat in milk is unstable and the proportion below the reference value is relatively large. Nutritional guidance for nurse should be widely implemented to further improve the quality of nurse milk; maternal maturity in Xinhui District The main nutritional components of milk from maternal age, parity, mode of delivery, to promote all healthy mothers postpartum breastfeeding 4 to 6 months or more.