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上江坝址为金沙江中游龙头水库的比选坝址之一,坝址河床覆盖层最厚达206.2m,在深厚覆盖层上修建最低249m级的高土石坝,筑坝技术难度大。通过测绘、钻探、物探、物理力学性质测试等工作揭示:(1)河床覆盖层由漂卵石、低液限粘土、砾卵石、碎块石、砂砾石等组成;(2)河床覆盖层中各粗粒土强度相对较高,低液限粘土强度较低,为坝基一条连续完整的相对软弱带;(3)坝址位于龙蟠断陷盆地内,主要受新构造垂直差异运动的影响,河床接受金沙江上游及坡体上物质堆积,逐渐形成了现今的深厚覆盖层。初步研究本坝址在河床覆盖层上建高土石坝是可行的,但需要对坝基采取工程处理措施。探讨了不同建坝方案所引发的工程地质问题,为筑坝技术研究提供了地质依据。
The Shangjiang dam site is one of the selected dam sites of the leading reservoir in the middle reaches of the Jinsha River. The dambed river bed covers a maximum of 206.2m, and a deep earth-rock dam with a minimum of 249m above the deep overburden has great technical difficulties. Through surveying and mapping, drilling, geophysical exploration and testing of physical and mechanical properties, it reveals that: (1) the river bed cover is composed of pebbles, low liquid limit clays, gravel pebbles, broken stones, sand and gravel; (2) (3) The dam site is located in the Longpan rift basin, which is mainly affected by the vertical differential movement of the new structure. The depth of the riverbed Accepting the upper reaches of the Jinsha River and the slope of the material accumulation, and gradually formed today’s deep cover. It is feasible to conduct a preliminary study on the construction of a high earth-rock dam on the river bed cover at this dam site, but engineering measures for the dam foundation are needed. This paper discusses the engineering geology problems caused by different dam construction schemes and provides the geological basis for the dam construction technology research.