肿瘤抗原在肿瘤基础研究及临床诊断和治疗中均占有极其重要的地位。但遗憾的是目前已明确的肿瘤抗原极少 ,且纯化困难 ,难以大量制备 ,加上肿瘤抗原为弱抗原 ,在体内缺乏第二信号系统的情况下 ,难以刺激机体产生有效的抗肿瘤细胞免疫反应。因此 ,为实现临床免疫诊断和免疫治疗 Tumor antigens in tumor basic research and clinical diagnosis and treatment both occupy an extremely important position. However, it is a pity that at present, there are few tumor antigens that have been identified and difficult to purify. Therefore, it is difficult to prepare them in large quantities. Combined with the fact that tumor antigens are weak antigens, it is difficult to stimulate the body to produce effective anti-tumor cell immunity in the absence of a second signaling system reaction. Therefore, in order to achieve clinical immunodiagnosis and immunotherapy