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目的分析我省精铸行业使用的锆英砂主要成分,并测定空气中锆英砂粉尘浓度。方法使用X射线荧光法测量锆英砂中氧化锆、二氧化硅、氧化铪、氧化铝、二氧化钛、三氧化二铬的浓度,使用焦磷酸法测量其中游离二氧化硅含量,使用重量法测量空气中锆英砂粉尘浓度。结果锆英砂中主要成分为氧化锆、二氧化硅、三氧化二铝,而游离二氧化硅含量均低于10%;调查企业空气中锆英砂粉尘浓度在1.03~14.53mg/m~3,仅有一家企业接触锆英砂粉尘岗位浓度不符合我国职业卫生标准的要求,空气中锆浓度在0.38~8.37 mg/m~3,且空气中锆浓度与粉尘浓度具有一定的相关性。结论江苏省使用的锆英砂成分复杂,主要成分为二氧化锆、二氧化硅、三氧化二铝,不能仅以其他粉尘的职业接触限值评价锆英砂的浓度,应综合考虑其毒性。
Objective To analyze the main components of zircon sand used in the casting industry in our province and to determine the zircon sand dust concentration in the air. Methods The concentrations of zirconia, silica, hafnium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide and chromium oxide in zircon sand were measured by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The content of free silica was measured by pyrophosphoric acid method and air was measured by gravimetric method Zircon sand dust concentration. Results The main components of zircon sand were zirconia, silica and alumina, while the content of free silica was less than 10%. The concentration of zircon sand in the air was 1.03-14.53 mg / m 3 , Only one enterprise contacted zircon sand dust concentration does not meet the requirements of occupational health standards in China, the concentration of zirconium in the air at 0.38 ~ 8.37 mg / m ~ 3, and the air concentration of zirconium and dust concentration has a certain correlation. Conclusions The zircon sand used in Jiangsu Province is complex with the main components of zirconium dioxide, silica and alumina. The concentration of zircon sand can not be evaluated only with the occupational exposure limit of other dusts, and its toxicity should be comprehensively considered.