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目的分析广宁县2008-2015年恙虫病的流行特征及影响因素,为恙虫病的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法对《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》中报告的广宁县2008-2015年恙虫病的数据进行统计分析。结果广宁县2008-2015年共报告恙虫病1 353例,死亡1例,报告病例数总体呈逐年上升并维持居高不下的趋势,年均报告发病率38.71/10万。全县17个乡镇均有疫情发生,年均报告发病率居前5位的是坑口镇、螺岗镇、江屯镇、木格镇和北市镇,各镇之间年均报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=89.200,P<0.05);季节性明显,6-10月为发病高峰期,流行季节为夏秋季;发病以50~70岁年龄段人群高发,不同年龄段年均报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=1 229.766,P<0.05);男性年均报告发病率为27.77/10万,女性年均报告发病率为50.77/10万,不同性别年均发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=119.262,P<0.05);职业以农民为主(占90.24%)。结论广宁县恙虫病流行强度逐年增加,发病有明显的地区性和季节性,农民为高发人群,建议在夏秋季节对高发地区重点人群加强健康教育,减少感染机会,控制恙虫病的发生和流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and influential factors of scrub typhus from 2008 to 2015 in Guangning County and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of scrub typhus. Methods The data of scrub typhus from 2008 to 2015 in Quang Ninh County reported in “China Disease Prevention and Control Information System” were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 1 353 tsutsugamushi cases and 1 death were reported in Quang Ninh County from 2008 to 2015. The reported cases showed a trend of increasing year by year and maintaining a high level with an annual average incidence rate of 38.71 / 100,000. The epidemic occurred in 17 towns and townships in the county. The top five reported in the annual average incidence rates were Hangou Town, Luogang Town, Jiangtun Town, Muge Town and Beishi Town. The annual average incidence rates reported among the towns were Statistical significance (χ ~ 2 = 89.200, P <0.05); seasonal obvious, peak incidence of 6-10 months, the epidemic season for the summer and autumn; incidence of 50 to 70 age group of high incidence of different age groups The incidence of the reported difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 1 229.766, P <0.05); the average annual incidence of male reported was 27.77 / 100000, the average annual reported incidence of female was 50.77 / 100000, the average age of different gender The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 119.262, P <0.05); occupation was dominated by peasants (90.24%). Conclusion The epidemic intensity of scrub typhus in Guangning County increased year by year with obvious regional and seasonal incidence. Farmers are high risk population. It is suggested to strengthen health education for key population in high incidence areas in summer and autumn so as to reduce the chance of infection and control the occurrence and prevalence of scrub typhus.