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中国传统文化中蛟的形象是在以鳄鱼为原型的基础之上,综合鱼、蟒、牛等多种动物身体特征后形成。蛟是龙的形象形成过程中异化出的产物;而蛟的灾害形象从最初的直接攻击人类及动物演变为后来的引发水灾。蛟水是古人对于山洪的另类解读;明清时期南方山区蛟水的频发则从另一个侧面说明当时经济开发对于山林环境的破坏。对蛟灾害形象形成过程的梳理,不仅可以弄清蛟与水灾联系在一起的原因,而且也有助于加深对古人灾异观的理解。
The image of Kau in traditional Chinese culture is based on the prototype of crocodile, which is formed after integrating the physical characteristics of many animals such as fish, python and cow. Jiao is a product of alienation in the process of image formation of the dragon; while the image of disaster in Jiao evolved from the initial direct attacks on humans and animals to subsequent floods. Jiao water is an ancients for the alternative interpretation of mountain torrents; Ming and Qing dynasties in southern mountain waters Jiao Shui from another side illustrates the then economic development for the destruction of the mountain environment. The carding of the formation of the image of Jiao disaster can not only clarify the reasons for the connection between Jiao and flood disaster, but also help deepen the understanding of the ancients’ disasters.