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国际政治经济学研究领域最为重要、也是最具争议的一个命题——补偿假说,可以被分解为两个相互关联的问题:首先,全球化进程以何种渠道激发了补偿需求?其次,补偿需求又是凭借怎样的机制促成了再分配政策?本文的分析表明:波动性假定并未被证伪;波动性也并非全球化引致补偿需求的唯一渠道。至于补偿需求能否转化为再分配政策,不仅取决于各社会阶层或利益集团的政治影响力、政党竞争状况以及选举压力等因素,在某些情况下,更取决于国家自身的利益和偏好。当开放确实引致某种属性的补偿需求时,各国将选择不同的政策手段做出回应,从而形成“开放—补偿”的3种可能组合形式,即:内嵌的自由主义、新自由主义、保护主义。
The most important and most controversial proposition in the field of international political economy research is that the compensation hypothesis can be decomposed into two interrelated problems: Firstly, what channel does the process of globalization stimulate the demand for compensation? Secondly, the demand for compensation What kind of mechanism has contributed to the redistribution policy? The analysis of this paper shows that: the volatility assumption is not falsified; and the volatility is not the only channel of globalization that causes the demand for compensation. Whether compensation needs can be transformed into redistributive policies depends not only on the political influence of various social strata or interest groups, the competition status of political parties and the pressure on elections, but also under certain circumstances depends more on the national interests and preferences. When the opening up does require compensation for certain attributes, countries will choose different policy instruments to respond and form three possible combinations of “openness-compensation”: embedded liberalism and neoliberalism ,protectionism.