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采用样带法对西双版纳纳板河自然保护区自然林(热带雨林和常绿阔叶林)和橡胶林白蚁群落进行了调查,探讨了橡胶林种植对白蚁群落结构、食性类群组成和多样性的影响。结果表明:(1)在3种森林类型中,共收集白蚁样本397份,隶属于2科10属20种,热带性白蚁种属组成突出;(2)季节对白蚁群落多度和丰富度有显著影响,总体表现为雨季高于旱季;(3)自然林中白蚁多度、丰富度和多样性指数显著高于单一橡胶林,且橡胶林中白蚁稀有种数量显著减少,同时土木食性白蚁的数量比例显著低于自然林,而木食性白蚁比例增加。研究认为,热带地区大面积单一橡胶林种植可对“生态系统工程师”白蚁群落结构和多样性产生较大的负面影响,应重视发展复合橡胶林模式保护白蚁生物多样性。
The transect method was used to investigate the termite community in natural forests (tropical rain forest and evergreen broad - leaved forest) and rubber plantation in Nabanhe Nature Reserve in Xishuangbanna, and discussed the effects of rubber plantation on the structure, assemblage and diversity of termites influences. The results showed as follows: (1) Among the three forest types, 397 species of termites were collected, belonging to 20 species of 10 genera in 2 families, with prominent species composition of tropical termites. (2) The abundance and abundance of termites (3) The abundance and diversity index of termites in natural forests were significantly higher than that of single rubber plantation, and the number of rare species of termites in rubber plantations decreased significantly. At the same time, the proportion of termites The proportion was significantly lower than that of natural forest, while the proportion of woody termites increased. The study suggests that large-scale single rubber plantations in the tropical area may have a greater negative impact on the structure and diversity of the termite community in the “ecosystem engineer”, and should pay attention to the development of a composite rubber forest model to protect termitoid biodiversity.