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为了探讨竹笋快速高生长与母竹之间的养分输导关系,揭示毛竹快速生长内在规律,试验测定了竹笋快速生长期内不同竹龄器官(叶、枝、秆、蔸根)的主要养分质量分数、冠层(上层、中层和下层)水势、地上器官(叶、枝、秆)的生物量,与同样地同期小年期母竹测得值做比较。结果表明:在竹笋快速生长期,氮元素在母竹叶片中先下降后上升,而蔸根中则先略有升高然后趋于稳定;在叶中,钾元素随竹笋快速生长而迅速升高,而在蔸根中始终保持稳定状态;磷在叶片和蔸根的质量分数均较低。同小年期相比,氮元素在叶、枝、秆、蔸根中的质量分数均较低;磷元素在叶、蔸根的质量分数较低,而在枝、秆中其质量分数要高;钾元素在叶、秆、蔸根中的质量分数高,但在枝中低。在竹笋的快速生长期,各竹龄叶的水势变化总体呈“V”型曲线,从3月中旬到5月中旬,水势有变小趋势,随后有所回升。同小年期相比,林冠各层的水势均大于同期的小年期;在竹笋快速生长期,母竹地上各器官生物量占比相对稳定。同小年期相比,光合器官竹叶生物量占地上器官生物量的7.05%,增加了31.90%。因此,竹笋的快速生长对母竹产生了影响,在快速生长期,母竹通过营养元素的迁移、地上生物量格局的分配,为竹笋的快速生长提供了可能。
In order to explore the relationship between nutrient fast growth of bamboo shoots and the parent bamboo, the internal regularity of bamboo rapid growth was revealed. The main nutrient quality of bamboo organs (leaves, shoots, stalks and roots) during rapid growth period Scores, water potential in the canopy (upper, middle and lower) and biomass of above-ground organs (leaves, shoots, and stalks) were compared with those obtained from the same period of the same period. The results showed that in the rapid growth period of bamboo shoots, nitrogen increased first in the leaves of the mother bamboo and then increased slightly in the root of the bamboo, then tended to be stable. In the leaves, the potassium increased rapidly with the rapid growth of the bamboo shoots , While it remained stable in the roots of P. tuberosus. The phosphorus content in leaves and roots was lower. The nitrogen content in leaves, branches, stalks and roots was lower than that in small ones. The content of phosphorus was lower in leaves and roots, but higher in branches and stems ; Potassium content in leaves, stalks, high root mass fraction, but low in the branches. During the rapid growth period of bamboo shoots, the change of water potential in all bamboo leaves showed a “V” curve. From mid-March to mid-May, the water potential tended to decrease and then rebounded. Compared with the small period, the water potential at each layer in the canopy was greater than that in the same period. In the rapid growth period of bamboo shoots, the biomass of each organ on the ground was relatively stable. Compared with the small period, photosynthetic organ bamboo biomass accounted for 7.05% of above-ground organ biomass, an increase of 31.90%. Therefore, the rapid growth of bamboo shoots had an impact on the parent bamboo. In the rapid growth period, the distribution of nutrient elements and distribution of aboveground biomass provided the possibility for the rapid growth of bamboo shoots.