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在神经变性疾病中,嗅觉障碍很常见,除帕金森病外,还可见于路易小体痴呆、多系统萎缩、单纯性自主神经衰竭等α突触核蛋白病,以及特发性快动眼期睡眠行为障碍。其中,帕金森病和路易小体痴呆患者的嗅觉减退程度较严重,而多系统萎缩较轻;单纯性自主神经衰竭和快动眼期睡眠行为障碍存在嗅觉减退,其程度可能较帕金森病轻。嗅觉障碍可在疾病早期出现,且嗅觉测试简便易行,有助于这些疾病的早期诊断及鉴别诊断。
In neurodegenerative diseases, olfactory disorders are common, and in addition to Parkinson’s disease, can also be found in Lewy body dementia, multiple system atrophy, simple autonomic failure and other α-synucleinopathies, and idiopathic short-term eye movement Sleep behavior disorder. Among them, Parkinson’s disease and Lewy body dementia in patients with severe degree of olfactory dysfunction, and multiple system atrophy lighter; simple autonomic failure and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder there is a sense of smell, the extent may be lighter than Parkinson’s disease . Olfactory disorders can occur early in the disease, and the olfactory test is simple and easy to help early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of these diseases.