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为探讨扁桃酸的杀虫机制 ,应用透射电镜观察扁桃酸对感染弓形虫小鼠治疗 2 4h、72 h和死亡后弓形虫速殖子的超微结构变化 ,扁桃酸 2 0 mg/ m l,0 .2 5 m l/只 ,2次 / d经口灌服和经尾静脉注射途径给药 ,同时用乙胺嘧啶5 mg/ ml,0 .2 5 m l/只 ,1次 / d作为药物对照。结果显示 ,扁桃酸在不同时期对弓形虫的超微结构均有破坏作用 ,且随药物作用时间延长 ,其杀虫作用增强。扁桃酸主要破坏虫体的细胞膜、细胞质中的线粒体、棒状体和内质网等 ,致密颗粒减少或消失。虽然乙胺嘧啶较扁桃酸对虫体的破坏程度稍强 ,但乙胺嘧啶在杀灭虫体的同时也破坏了腹水中正常细胞 ,而扁桃酸对正常细胞几乎无损伤。结果表明 ,扁桃酸的杀虫机制主要是破坏虫体细胞膜、细胞器和染色质 ,从而破坏了虫体赖以生存的理化环境和物质能量的代谢 ,破坏了虫体的遗传物质和遗传信息 ,抑制虫体的增殖。扁桃酸是高效低毒的抗弓形虫药物。
To investigate the insecticidal mechanism of mandelic acid, the ultrastructural changes of tachyzoite Toxoplasma gondii Toxoplasma gondii Toxoplasma gondii Toxoplasma gondii T21 were observed at 24 h, 72 h and after death with mandelic acid 20 mg / ml, 0 .2 5 ml / only, 2 times / d by oral and intravenous route of administration, while pyrimethamine 5 mg / ml, 0.25 ml / only, 1 / d as a drug control. The results showed that mandelic acid had a damaging effect on the ultrastructure of Toxoplasma gondii at different times, and the insecticidal effect of mandelic acid was enhanced with the prolongation of drug action time. Mandelic acid mainly destroyed the cell membrane of mitochondria, the mitochondria in the cytoplasm, the rodlike bodies and the endoplasmic reticulum, etc., and the dense particles reduced or disappeared. Although pyrimethamine is slightly more damaging to the parasites than the mandelic acid, pyrimethamine also destroys the normal cells in the ascites while killing the parasites, whereas mandelic acid has almost no damage to the normal cells. The results showed that the insecticidal mechanism of mandelic acid was mainly to destroy the cell membranes, organelles and chromatin, which destroyed the physical and chemical environment and the energy metabolism of the parasites, destroyed the genetic material and genetic information of the parasites, Insect proliferation. Mandelic acid is a highly effective and low toxicity anti-toxoplasma drug.