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土地问题不仅是重要的经济问题、社会问题,更是重大的政治问题。建国以来,我国土地制度历经了从土改到集体化再到家庭联产承包责任制二次重大变革。作为土地制度的第三次重大政治决策,实施农村土地经营权流转在实现土地规模经营、提升农业生产力、巩固党的执政基础的同时,又存在一定的政治风险,如影响社会稳定的风险、弱化政治信任的风险、诱发新型腐败的风险以及危及粮食安全的风险等,因此,必须明确土地权利边界,发挥农民的主体作用,在农民自愿的基础上实施土地经营权流转,实现适度的规模经营,并坚守18亿亩耕地红线,进一步完善农村基层治理结构,以防范与化解各种政治风险,从而顺利推进土地经营权流转,促进国家的政治稳定与政治发展。
The land issue is not only an important economic issue but also a social issue, which is also a major political issue. Since the founding of the People’s Republic, China’s land system has undergone two major changes, from land reform to collectivization to household contract responsibility system. As the third major political decision of land system, while implementing the transfer of rural land management right, while realizing the scale management of land, increasing agricultural productivity and consolidating the party’s governing foundation, there are some political risks such as the risk of social stability, weakening The risk of political trust, the risk of new corruption and the risk of endangering food security. Therefore, we must clarify the boundary of land rights, give play to the main role of peasants, implement the circulation of land management right on the voluntary basis of peasants and realize the proper scale management, And sticks to the red line of 1.8 billion mu of arable land, and further perfects the governance structure at the grass-roots level in rural areas so as to prevent and resolve various political risks, so as to smoothly promote the circulation of land management rights and promote the political stability and political development of the country.