结核分枝杆菌(MTB)感染动物模型是用于阐明结核病发病机制,评估抗结核新药、疫苗和诊断试剂。多年来,为探讨结核病的发病机制,寻找有效的治疗、预防措施,研究者已在包括小鼠、大鼠、豚鼠、猴、兔等不同的动物体内成功复制出结核病模型[1]。由于对MTB进入机体后感染潜伏的生物学 Animal models of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection are used to elucidate the pathogenesis of tuberculosis, evaluate new anti-tuberculosis drugs, vaccines and diagnostic reagents. Over the years, in order to explore the pathogenesis of tuberculosis and to seek effective treatment and preventive measures, researchers have successfully replicated the tuberculosis model in different animals, including mice, rats, guinea pigs, monkeys and rabbits [1]. Due to the biology of latent infection after MTB enters the body