1917年俄国革命后,两次发表对华宣言,自愿废除不平等旧约,平等对待中国。北京政府虽不愿立即承认苏联,但乘机清理旧俄在华条约特权。中苏谈判时,苏方坚持无条件建交后,再开会议订定新约取代旧约,北京政府则担心中俄会议不一定会有结果,坚持要立即废止旧约。最后双方妥协,在1924年《中俄协定》中,以《密件议定书》规定:新约未订定前,旧约概不施行。后来中俄会议虽经召开,但未获致具体成果,使得中俄旧约处于虽未废止,但不施行的含混状态。北京政府在移交俄国使馆及其他有关交涉中,均坚持中俄旧约已废,并持续推动其“修约外交”。 After the Russian revolution in 1917, the two declared to China twice, voluntarily repealing the unequal old treaty and treating China equally. Although the Beijing government did not want to recognize the Soviet Union immediately, it took the opportunity to clear the prerogatives of the old Russians in China. During the negotiations between China and the Soviet Union, the Soviet Union insisted on setting an agreement to replace the Old Testament after the unconditional diplomatic relations. The Beijing government feared that the Sino-Russian meeting would not necessarily yield results and insisted that the Old Testament should be immediately abolished. In the end, the two sides compromised. In the “Sino-Russian agreement” of 1924, they stipulated in the “secret agreement” that the Old Testament will not be implemented until the New Testament is set out. Later, despite the convening of the Sino-Russian meeting, concrete results were not achieved, making the old Sino-Russian agreement in an ambiguous state that has not been abolished but not implemented. In handing over the Russian embassy and other relevant negotiations, the Beijing government insisted that the old Sino-Russian treaty was abolished and that it continued to promote its “diplomatic amendment.”