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目的探讨Q开关YAG激光及化学脱色法对豚鼠皮肤黑素细胞的影响,从而构建色素脱失动物模型。方法分别应用Q开关YAG激光照射及5%H2O2化学脱色处理豚鼠黑色皮肤,肉眼观察皮肤颜色变化,HE染色和HMB45免疫组化染色观察皮肤黑素细胞的变化。结果 Q开关YAG激光照射3次后,豚鼠黑色皮肤变为白色,同时长出白色毛发,HE及HMB45染色后基底层未见黑素细胞。2个月后,照射区域皮肤及毛发仍呈白色,镜下基底层亦未见黑素细胞。而化学脱色法可使皮肤略变白,毛发仍呈黑色,HE及HMB45染色镜下基底层仍可见大量黑素细胞。结论 Q开关YAG激光可以构建短期稳定色素脱失动物模型,为色素减少性皮肤病的研究提供了可依据的动物模型。
Objective To investigate the effects of Q-switched YAG laser and chemical decoloration on guinea pig skin melanocytes and to construct animal model of depigmentation. Methods The Q - switched YAG laser and 5% H2O2 chemical decolorization were used to treat the skin of guinea pigs. The changes of skin color were observed by naked eyes. The changes of melanocytes were observed by HE staining and HMB45 immunohistochemistry. Results Q-switched YAG laser irradiation three times, guinea pig black skin turned white, while growing white hair, HE and HMB45 stained basal layer no melanocytes. After 2 months, the skin and hair in the irradiated area were still white and no melanocytes were seen in the basal layer under the microscope. The chemical bleaching method can make the skin slightly white, the hair is still black, HE and HMB45 stained basal layer is still visible a large number of melanocytes. Conclusion The Q-switched YAG laser can be used to build animal models of short-term stable pigmentation and provide an evidence-based animal model for pigmentation-reduced skin diseases.