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研究p53、bcl－2及PCNA在大肠癌发生发展中的意义。应用聚合酶链反应一单链构象多态性分析检测40例腺瘤和80例腺癌中p53基因第5－8外显子突变，同时应用免疫组化SP法分别检测大肠正常粘膜，增生性息肉，腺瘤以及腺癌中p53、bcl－2、PCNA的蛋白表达。结果中17．5％（7／40）腺瘤和46．25％（37／80）腺癌可见p53基因突变；腺瘤、腺瘤癌变及腺癌中p53蛋白表达率分别为22．5％、70．6％和58．8％；正常粘膜和增生性息肉中未见p53表达，p53蛋白表达与其基因突变相关（rs=0．54），但和临床病理因素及预后无关（P＞0．05）；bcl-2在所有正常粘膜和增生性息肉基底部上皮细胞、77．9％腺瘤、64．7％腺瘤癌变和55％腺癌可见表达，在腺瘤和腺癌中bcl－2表达差异显著（P＜0．05），高分化腺癌bcl－2表达率明显高于差分化腺癌（P＜0．01）。应用Spearman相关分析，bcl－2与P53表达在腺瘤及腺癌组中呈负相关。PCNA表达率在大肠腺瘤一癌序列中逐渐增高，它与腺瘤p53表达和木典型增生程度、腺癌组织分化和淋巴结转移相关（P＜0．05），但与p53、bcl－2表达及其它因素无关。p53基因改变主要涉及到良性腺瘤和腺癌的转变过程，p53基因突变是参与和影响p53蛋白表达和生物学功能的主要因素。bcl－2表达是大肠癌发生中的早期
To study the significance of p53, bcl-2 and PCNA in the development of colorectal cancer. Polymerase chain reaction - single strand conformation polymorphism analysis of 40 cases of adenomas and 80 cases of adenocarcinoma of p53 gene exons 5-8 exon, immunohistochemical SP method were used to detect the normal colorectal mucosa, hyperplasia Polyps, adenomas and adenocarcinomas of p53, bcl-2, PCNA protein expression. Results p53 gene mutation was found in 17.5% (7/40) adenocarcinoma and 46.25% (37/80) adenocarcinoma. The positive rates of p53 protein in adenoma, adenoma and adenocarcinoma were 22.5% , 70.6% and 58.8% respectively. There was no p53 expression in normal mucosa and proliferative polyps. The expression of p53 protein was associated with the gene mutation (rs = 0.54), but not with the clinicopathological factors and prognosis .05). The expression of bcl-2 in all basal epithelial cells of normal mucosa and hyperplastic polyps, 77.9% adenoma, 64.7% adenocarcinoma and 55% adenocarcinoma was positive -2 (P <0.05). The expression of bcl-2 in well-differentiated adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than that in differentiated adenocarcinoma (P <0.01). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the expression of bcl-2 and P53 were negatively correlated with adenocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma. The expression of PCNA was gradually increased in a colorectal adenocarcinoma-cancer sequence, which was correlated with the expression of p53, the typical degree of wood proliferation, the differentiation of adenocarcinoma and lymph node metastasis (P <0.05), but not with the expression of p53 and bcl-2 And other factors have nothing to do. p53 gene changes mainly involve the process of benign adenoma and adenocarcinoma transformation, p53 gene mutation is involved in and affect the p53 protein expression and biological function of the main factors. bcl-2 expression is the early stage of colorectal cancer