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目的了解宝鸡市部分市售蔬菜中铅污染状况,为食品安全评估提供依据。方法选取宝鸡市农贸市场及超市中80份蔬菜为监测对象,微波消解后石墨炉原子吸收法检测其铅含量,分析样本中铅污染情况及其摄入风险。结果 80份样本铅含量均值为(79.9±61.8)μg/kg,铅超标样3份,超标率3.75%。发现不同种类蔬菜中铅浓度差异有统计学意义(P=0.003)。成人HQ均值为0.14<1,95%分位数为0.40<1,处于安全水平内;儿童HQ均值为0.33<1,95%分位数为1.00,儿童摄入危险指数高于成人,且95%分位数处存在摄入风险。结论宝鸡市蔬菜铅超标率低,摄入风险低,个别蔬菜中铅含量稍高,应加强管理和监督,降低居民特别是儿童因蔬菜而引起的铅摄入风险。
Objective To understand the status of lead pollution in some commercially available vegetables in Baoji City and provide the basis for food safety assessment. Methods Eighty vegetables in the farmers markets and supermarkets in Baoji City were selected as the monitoring objects. The content of lead in the samples was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after microwave digestion, and the lead contamination and its intake risk were analyzed. Results The average lead content of 80 samples was (79.9 ± 61.8) μg / kg, and 3 samples of excessive lead exceeded the standard of 3.75%. The results showed that there was a significant difference in lead concentration among different types of vegetables (P = 0.003). The mean HQ for adults was 0.14 <1,95% with a quantile of 0.40 <1 at a safe level; children with mean HQ of 0.33 <1,95% with a quantile of 1.00, children with a higher risk of exposure than adults, and 95 There is a risk of ingestion at% quantiles. Conclusion In Baoji City, due to the low standard of lead in vegetables, low intake risk and slightly higher lead content in individual vegetables, management and supervision should be strengthened to reduce the risk of lead intake by residents, especially children.