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若油田采出液是含水量很高的W/O型乳状液,水相中含有Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+和Cl-等离子,离子的种类和含量将对乳状液的液滴形态和流变性质有显著影响,适当加入无机盐可促进W/O型乳状液转相乳化降粘过程的实现。在只加入一种盐且加量相同的条件下,对乳状液乳滴形态和粒径分布影响最大的是CaCl2,其次是NaCl,再次是MgCl2;在等比例加入两种盐的条件下,对乳状液乳滴形态和粒径分布影响最大的是CaCl2-MgCl2,其次是NaCl-CaCl2,最小的是NaCl-MgCl2。对于同一种无机盐,随着加量的增大,乳滴的分散性变差、乳滴平均粒径变大。受乳状液稳定性的影响,无机盐加量和种类与乳状液流变性之间的关系规律性不强;若加入多种盐,乳状液表现出来的流变性是多种盐共同作用的结果,仍具有幂律流体的特征。
If the oil field production fluid is a high water content W / O emulsion, the aqueous phase contains Na +, Ca2 +, Mg2 + and Cl- plasma ion species and content of the droplet morphology and rheological properties of the emulsion Significantly affected, the appropriate addition of inorganic salts can promote the W / O emulsion phased emulsion viscosity-reducing process. Under the condition of adding only one salt and adding the same amount, CaCl2, followed by NaCl and MgCl2 were the most influential factors on the droplet morphology and particle size distribution. The effect of emulsion droplet morphology and particle size distribution is CaCl2-MgCl2, followed by NaCl-CaCl2, and the smallest is NaCl-MgCl2. With the same kind of inorganic salt, with the increase of the amount, the dispersibility of the emulsion drops and the average diameter of the droplets increases. Affected by the stability of the emulsion, the relationship between the amount and type of inorganic salts and the rheology of the emulsion is not regular. If a variety of salts are added, the rheology exhibited by the emulsion is the result of the interaction of various salts. Still has the power law fluid characteristics.