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目的:探讨金黄色葡萄球菌(金葡菌)超抗原在鼻息肉发生中的作用。方法:对42例双侧鼻息肉患者(鼻息肉组)、27例单纯慢性鼻窦炎患者(鼻窦炎组)和12例无鼻窦疾病史的鼻外伤患者(对照组)的鼻腔分泌物进行细菌培养;采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测各组患者的鼻黏膜或息肉组织中的金葡菌超抗原;在组织学上,对苏木精-伊红染色切片进行嗜酸粒细胞计数。结果:鼻腔分泌物中金葡菌阳性率鼻息肉组为7.1%,鼻窦炎组为3.7%,对照组为0,各组间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。ELISA结果显示:鼻息肉组金葡菌超抗原阳性率为54.76%,鼻窦炎组和对照组阳性率均为0。嗜酸粒细胞计数平均值:鼻息肉组23.94±13.88,鼻窦炎组0.29±0.51,对照组0.08±0.28,3组间均差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。鼻息肉组中ELISA结果阳性者嗜酸粒细胞水平比阴性者高,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:金葡菌超抗原与鼻息肉的发生存在相关性,有可能在鼻息肉的致病机制中起重要作用。
Objective: To investigate the role of Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus) superantigen in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. Methods: Bacterial culture was performed on nasal secretions from 42 patients with bilateral nasal polyps (nasal polyps), 27 patients with chronic sinusitis (sinusitis group), and 12 patients without nasal sinus disease (control group) ; Staphylococcus aureus superantigens in nasal mucosa or polyp tissues of each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); in histology, eosinophil count was performed on hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections. Results: The positive rate of nasal secretions was 7.1% in nasal polyps group, 3.7% in sinusitis group and 0 in control group. There was no significant difference between the groups (all P> 0.05). The results of ELISA showed that the positive rate of Staphylococcus aureus super antigen in nasal polyps was 54.76%, and the positive rates of sinusitis and control were all 0. The average value of eosinophil count was 23.94 ± 13.88 in nasal polyps, 0.29 ± 0.51 in sinusitis group and 0.08 ± 0.28 in control group. There was significant difference between the three groups (all P <0.05). In the nasal polyps group, the level of eosinophils in the ELISA positive group was higher than that in the negative group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion: There is a correlation between S. aureus superantigen and the occurrence of nasal polyps, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps.