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肩难产指胎头娩出后,前肩嵌顿在耻骨联台上方,胎颈强烈往阴道内回缩,用常规的助产方法不能娩出胎儿双肩。肩难产一旦发生往往危及母儿生命,且处理较为困难。因此,它是值得产科工作者研究的一项课题。 1.肩难产的诱因 肩难产多发生于巨大儿、体质肥胖孕妇、中骨盆狭窄等。①巨大儿往往胸围或肩围均大于头围,致使胎头娩出后胎肩不能及时娩出。②体质肥胖孕妇因腹部脂肪堆积难以估计胎儿体重。且阴道周围被大量脂肪组
Shoulder dystocia refers to the fetal head after delivery, the front shoulder incarcerated in the pubic symphysis units above the neck retracts strongly to the vagina, with conventional midwifery methods can not be delivered fetal shoulders. Shoulder dystocia often endangers maternal and child health if it occurs, and the treatment is more difficult. Therefore, it is a topic worthy of study by obstetricians. Shoulder dystocia causes shoulder dystocia occur in giant children, physical obesity, pregnant women, pelvic stenosis and so on. ① huge children are often larger than the circumference of the chest or shoulder circumference, resulting in fetal head after delivery can not be delivered in time. ② physical obesity pregnant women due to abdominal fat accumulation difficult to estimate fetal weight. And the vagina is surrounded by a large number of fat group