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正义作为西方政治理论中最重要的术语之一,马克思和恩格斯都对它进行过论述。马克思和恩格斯对正义的论述是从外在视角和内在视角同时进行的,但他们认为,外在视角的审视才是理解历史发展和社会制度正义与否的最终判定根据。只有在具体的语境中才能正确理解正义的涵义。平等、自由、合理性等与正义密切相关的概念并不能取代正义的理论地位,正义不会轻易地从人们的理论视野中消失。罗尔斯等一些西方学者都受到了马克思主义正义理论的影响。
Justice As one of the most important terms in western political theory, Marx and Engels all discussed it. Marx and Engels’s discussion of justice proceeds from the external perspective and the internal perspective at the same time. However, they think that the examination of external perspective is the ultimate basis for judging the development of history and the justice of social system. Only in a concrete context can we correctly understand the meaning of justice. Equality, freedom, rationality and other concepts closely related to justice can not replace the theoretical status of justice, justice will not easily disappear from people’s theoretical perspective. Some Western scholars, such as Rawls, are influenced by the Marxist theory of justice.