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超导纳米线单光子探测器(SNSPD)是一种新型单光子探测器,具有灵敏度高、时间精度高、探测速度快和暗计数低等特点,在激光测距等领域具有重要应用前景.本文将SNSPD应用到1064 nm波段激光测距系统,研究了其暗计数和信噪比对激光测距的影响.基于实验获得的回波数据,结合激光雷达理论,研究了系统信噪比与脉冲积累次数的关系.分析表明,SNSPD暗计数是影响测距距离的关键因素之一.结合仿真,进一步探究了基于SNSPD的激光测距系统信噪比与回波率、暗计数的关系,暗计数较大时,信噪比随脉冲积累次数增加出现波动现象,回波信号湮没.由于SNSPD暗计数极低,本基于SNSPD的测距系统最远测距可达280 km,较同样条件下基于APD探测器的测距系统最远探测距离远40 km,在军事侦查、探测和制导等领域具有重要应用前景.
Superconducting nanowire single photon detector (SNSPD) is a new type of single photon detector with high sensitivity, high time precision, fast detection speed and low dark counting, which have important applications in the field of laser ranging and other fields. The SNSPD was applied to 1064 nm band laser range finder system to study the effect of its dark count and signal to noise ratio on laser ranging.According to the experimental echo data and the laser radar theory, The analysis shows that the dark counting of SNSPD is one of the key factors that affect the ranging distance.Through the simulation, the relationship between SNP and echo rate and dark counting based on SNSPD is further explored, The signal-to-noise ratio fluctuates with the increase of the number of pulse accumulation, and the echo signal annihilates.As the SNSPD has a very low dark-count, the farthest distance ranging based on SNSPD is up to 280 km, compared with the APD-based detection The farthest detection range of the ranging system is 40 km, which has important application prospects in the fields of military investigation, detection and guidance.