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以7个不同血缘的紫玉米杂交组合ZS11、ZS15、ZF39、FS11、SF38、FG01、68G1为试验材料,研究不同基因型紫玉米氮素吸收利用的基因型差异。结果表明,不同基因型紫玉米植株氮素含量和积累量均存在显著差异,紫玉米植株氮素含量在整个生育期间均呈逐渐下降趋势,氮素积累量呈上升趋势。7个品种中成熟期子粒产量高、吸氮总量大、氮素利用效率高的组合为SF38和68G1。通径分析和相关分析表明,氮素利用效率对不同品种产量的高低起主要作用,氮素吸收总量对产量的作用相对较小。从氮素的阶段积累与产量的关系来看,开花期至灌浆期吸氮量增加有助于紫玉米产量的提高,其次为大喇叭口期至开花期。
The genotypic differences of nitrogen uptake and utilization of different genotypes of purple maize were studied with seven purple maize crosses ZS11, ZS15, ZF39, FS11, SF38, FG01 and 68G1. The results showed that there was significant difference in nitrogen content and accumulation among different genotypes of purple corn. The nitrogen content of purple corn plants decreased gradually during the whole growth period and the nitrogen accumulation increased. Among the seven cultivars, the grain yield at maturity stage was high, the total nitrogen uptake was high, and the combinations with high nitrogen use efficiency were SF38 and 68G1. Path analysis and correlation analysis showed that nitrogen use efficiency played a major role in the yield of different varieties and the effect of total nitrogen uptake on yield was relatively small. From the relationship between the stage of nitrogen accumulation and the yield, the increase of N uptake during flowering to filling stage is helpful to the increase of purple maize yield, followed by the big bell mouth stage and flowering stage.