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目的了解辽宁口岸及出入境交通工具中蝇类、蜚蠊携带致病菌状况,为卫生检疫执法工作提供技术支持。方法利用微生物分离纯培养技术及细菌生化鉴定技术对蝇类、蜚蠊样本进行细菌学检测及相关研究。结果对2009—2014年辽宁口岸及出入境交通工具中采集的蝇类及蜚蠊样本进行致病菌检测,共检测样本4 265份。从蝇类样本中分离出铅黄肠球菌、粪肠球菌、大肠埃希氏菌、阴沟肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌肺炎亚种等34种致病菌(条件致病菌);从蜚蠊样本中分离出木糖葡萄球菌、松鼠葡萄球菌、海鱼弧菌、创伤弧菌、肺炎克雷伯菌肺炎亚种等29种致病菌(条件致病菌)。结论蝇类、蜚蠊携带大量致病菌(条件致病菌),可在国境口岸传播,卫生检疫机构应加强对国境口岸及出入境交通工具中蝇类、蜚蠊的监测检测,防止传染病扩散。
Objective To understand the status of flies and cockroaches in Liaoning ports and immigration vehicles and to provide technical support for the enforcement of health and quarantine laws. Methods The flies and cockroach samples were tested for bacteriological and related studies using the techniques of separation and culture of microorganisms and biochemical identification of bacteria. Results Fungi and cockroach samples collected from Liaoning ports and exit-entry vehicles during 2009-2014 were tested for pathogens. A total of 4 265 samples were tested. 34 species of pathogens (opportunistic pathogens) such as Enterococcus leucoreptum, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, and Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia were isolated from flies samples. From cockroaches The samples were isolated from Staphylococcus xylosus, Staphylococcus spp., Vibrio maritima, Vibrio vulnificus, Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia and other 29 kinds of pathogenic bacteria (opportunistic bacteria). Conclusion Flies and cockroaches carry a large number of pathogenic bacteria (opportunistic pathogens) and can be transmitted at the cross-border ports. Health and quarantine authorities should strengthen the monitoring and detection of flies and cockroaches in border crossings and inbound and outbound traffic and prevent infectious diseases diffusion.