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对于一个横向、纵向偏移距比较大的三维地震数据而言,折射波等噪音的线性形态会随着横向偏移距的加大而向着双曲线形态变化。当炮点位于某检波点线附近,横向偏移距较小的情况下,该检波线接收到的线性噪音在地震记录上呈线性状态分布;当炮点远离排列,横向偏移距比较大时,该排列单炮上的线性噪音则呈双曲线形态,并且随着横向偏移距的加大双曲现象就越明显。常规FK滤波等压制线性噪音的方法,对于这种由于横向偏移距增大而引起的非线性噪音其压制能力较差。笔者采用线性时差校正的方法,首先将横向偏移距对线性噪音旅行时的影响消除掉,恢复其线性形态,再应用线性噪音压制技术将其压制掉,最后进行反线性时差校正,以达到高精度噪音压制的目的。目前这种方法在宽方位角采集的数据上取得比较好的效果。
For a horizontal and vertical offset 3D seismic data, the linear shape of the refracted wave and other noises changes toward the hyperbolic shape with the increase of lateral offset. When the shot point is located near a certain detection point line and the lateral offset is small, the linear noise received by the detection line is linearly distributed on the seismic record. When the shot point is far away from the arrangement and the lateral offset is relatively large The linear noise on the single gun is hyperbolic, and the more obvious the hyperboloid with the lateral offset. Conventional FK filtering and other methods of suppressing linear noise are less effective in suppressing such non-linear noise caused by the increase of lateral offset. The author adopts the method of linear time difference correction. Firstly, the influence of horizontal offset on the linear noise travel is eliminated, the linear morphology is restored, and then linear noise suppression is used to suppress it. Finally, the anti-linear time difference correction is performed to achieve high Accuracy Noise suppression purposes. At present, this method has good effect on the data collected in wide azimuth.