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目的了解来院就诊的广东地区青少年屈光不正的构成情况,并探讨来院人群与同时期社区人群抽样调查结果的异同。方法对来我院验光配镜中心就诊的广东地区患者的散瞳验光资料进行统计分析,并与同时期同地方的人群抽样调查结果进行比较。结果一共对14442例患者的资料进行分析,5岁的等效球镜度中位数为+1．25D,8岁为-0．50D,25岁达-3．625D。男性患者高度近视的比率为9．9%,而女性的高度近视患者比率为11．3%。散光在各年龄段基本维持在-1．00D水平。15岁来院患者等效球镜度中位数为-2．15D,而15岁社区人群为-1．50D,但5岁儿童两样本均为+1．25D。结论随着年龄增加,眼屈光状态逐渐由远视向近视转变,并不断加深；散光则在较早期便呈相对稳定状态。家长对于孩童眼保健意识己大大增加,但基本的眼保健知识仍需要进一步推广,尤其要重视女性学生。
Objective To understand the composition of adolescent refractive errors in adolescents who came to hospital in Guangdong Province and to explore the similarities and differences between the sample survey results of adolescents in the hospital and the community at the same period. Methods The mydriatic optometry data of Guangdong patients who visited our optometrist center in our hospital were statistically analyzed and compared with the sample survey results of the same place at the same time. Results A total of 14442 patients were analyzed. The median spherical equivalent at 5 years old was + 1.25D, -0.50D at 8 years old and -3.625D at 25 years old. The proportion of males with high myopia was 9.9%, while the percentage of women with high myopia was 11.3%. Astigmatism in all age groups remained at -1.00D level. The median equivalent spherical scope at 15 years of age was -2.15D, compared to -1.50D at 15 years of age in the community, but both children at 5 years of age were + 1.25D. Conclusion As the age increases, the refractive status of the eye gradually changes from hyperopia to myopia, and continues to deepen; astigmatism in the earlier period was relatively stable. Parents have greatly increased their awareness of child health care. However, the basic knowledge of eye health still needs to be further popularized, with particular emphasis on female students.