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在大田条件下,利用塑料膜遮挡雨水,从花生营养生长末期开始分别进行短期湿涝(10d)和长期湿涝(88d)以及正常灌溉处理,以测定18个花生基因型的籽仁产量,再计算相对产量、耐湿涝系数和耐湿涝指数,进而分类评价花生基因型对湿涝反应的差异。结果表明:(1)花生对湿涝的反应,因湿涝长短和基因型而异。短、长期湿涝导致一些基因型减产(2.5%～48.6%),另一些基因型增产(5.5%～56.7%)。其中7个品种均减产,5个均增产,5个只适应长期湿涝,1个只适应短期湿涝。(2)根据长、短期耐湿涝系数差异可将基因型划分为7类;采用聚类分析并结合湿涝产量和耐湿涝系数,则划分为6类。结果认为,以耐湿涝指数作为综合评价指标有失偏颇。(3)已获得多个优异耐性基因型,可用于深入研究目标基因和选育耐湿涝性品种。
Under field conditions, the plastic film was used to block the rainwater. Short-term waterlogging (10d), long-term wet-drough (88d) and normal irrigation were conducted from the end of peanut vegetative growth to determine the seed yield of 18 peanut genotypes The relative yield, waterlogging tolerance coefficient and waterlogging tolerance index were calculated, and then the differences of peanut genotypes on waterlogging response were classified. The results showed that: (1) The response of peanut to waterlogging varies with the length of wet and waterlogging and the genotype. Short and long-term wet-flooding led to some genotype cuts (2.5% -48.6%) while others increased yields (5.5% -56.7%). Among them, seven cultivars were reduced in yield, five were increased in yield, five were adapted to long-term wet-flooding and only one was adapted to short-term wet-out. (2) According to the difference of long-term and short-term waterlogging tolerance coefficient, the genotypes can be divided into seven categories; using cluster analysis and combined with wet and dry production and waterlogging tolerance coefficient, it is divided into six categories. The results show that the waterlogging index as a comprehensive evaluation index is biased. (3) Multiple excellent tolerance genotypes have been obtained, which can be used for in-depth study of target genes and selection of tolerant waterlogging varieties.